What is a Bus Functional Model (BFM)?

I am quite new to the design verification world and started to learn some basic concepts.

From what I understood, a DUT is the RTL description (such as Verilog, VHDL) of a system. This is quite straightforward.
However, when I came across Bus Functional Model (BFM) during my study, it really confused me on some occasions.

I learnt that BFM is used mostly as a model driving bus signals of a DUT. Is that correct? Is BFM used to generate test patterns for RTL of a DUT? or is it a model (predictor) inside testbench which checks DUT responses and verifies the functionality?

Can anyone please describe fundamental difference between a BFM and a DUT? or point me towards an article or paper that best describe BFM?

Thank you so much and I really appreciate your help in advance.

In reply to nikhil.n:

I learned that BFM is used mostly as a model driving bus signals of a DUT. Is that correct? Is BFM used to generate test patterns for RTL of a DUT? or is it a model (predictor) inside testbench which checks DUT responses and verifies the functionality?

You are correct on all of that you stated. Though the term “BFM” stands for “Bus Functional Model”, meaning strictly the driving and response to the DUT’s interface, it has also taken in the loose sense connotations of verification. With the advent of newer technologies including assertions and UVM, that term “BFM” is a little passe and is replaced with terms that are more descriptives. And you are correct, these terms include drivers (the strict definition of a BFM), sequence items or transactions (e.g., READ, WRITE, IDLE, … ) sequence (the flow of transactions, e.g., a READ, followed by 2 IDLEs, followed by a WRITE, and then a WRITE, etc…), monitors (keep track of what is going on), scoreboards (to do the checking of what is expected against what is happening), assertions (SVA provides a concise notation to specify requirements and properties of the design and does on the fly verification in simulation, and can be used in formal verification), tests (the selected set of environments to use for a simulation (drivers, sequences, parameters, etc).
The following links would be of value to you:
https://verificationacademy.com/forums/systemverilog/how-start-developing-system-verilog-environment-testbench

See my White paper: “Using SVA for scoreboarding and TB designs”

and a related issue at the Verification Academy the following paper
“Assertions Instead of FSMs/logic for Scoreboarding and Verification”
available in the verification-horizons October-2013-volume-9-issue-3
http://verificationacademy.com/verification-horizons/october-2013-volume-9-issue-3
and “SVA in a UVM Class-based Environment”
https://verificationacademy.com/verification-horizons/february-2013-volume-9-issue-1/SVA-in-a-UVM-Class-based-Environment

Ben Cohen
http://www.systemverilog.us/ ben@systemverilog.us


3 Likes

In reply to ben@SystemVerilog.us:

Thanks Ben, that surely explains a lot and clears my thoughts.

And thanks for all the useful links. It will take me a while to gather all that information.

Happy new year!

In reply to nikhil.n:

Mentor has done a good job at providing useful info.
see the top level website https://verificationacademy.com/

Ben